Following the death of Jesus, the book of Acts records that the apostles and followers of Jesus continued to teach and worship at the temple. [30] For a comprehensive discussion of how Christians interpreted scripture in regard to the temple, see G. K. Beale, The Temple and the Churchs Mission: A Biblical Theology of the Dwelling Place of God. Other opinions maintain that it was olive wood, and others, pine wood. The tip of the wing of the second Cherub touched the southern wall of the Holy of Holies. Likewise, Josephus ascribed cosmic significance to the veil at the entrance of the temple: The scarlet seemed emblematical of fire, the fine linen of the earth, the blue of the air, and the purple of the sea; the comparison in two cases being suggested by their color, and in that of the fine linen and purple by their origin, as the one is produced by the earth and the other by the sea. The Mishnaic tractate Middot relates that in the upper story of the Holy of Holies were openings through which they could let down workmen in boxes to assist in the maintenance of this space (Middot 4.5). [3], The Christian Crusaders associated the Holy of Holies with the Well of Souls, a small cave that lies underneath the Foundation Stone in the Dome of the Rock. vi. First Kings 6:2 records that Solomon's temple was 30 cubits high. On this tapestry was portrayed a panorama of the heavens, the signs of the Zodiac excepted (Jewish War 5.213). [28] Bertil Grtner, The Temple and the Community in Qumran and the New Testament: A Comparative Study in the Temple Symbolism of the Qumran Texts and the New Testament, Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005). During the forty year period that Israel was in the desert, the Manna descended from the sky for them each day, with the exception of the Sabbath. In addition, the high priest wore four additional vestments (Exodus 28:343). The English word dwelt is derived from the Greek verb skno used in reference to the Old Testament tabernacle that literally means he tabernacled or pitched his tent among us. A model of the First Temple, built by King Solomon. The gold was also found in the Most Holy Place. viii. According to the Talmud, the High Priest's face upon exit from the Holy of Holies was radiant. Tradues em contexto de "holies in" en ingls-portugus da Reverso Context : This rock is believed by religious scholars to have also been the very stone beneath the Ark of the Covenant and the holy of holies in Solomon's Temple. 9cm.). 404 BC) was one of the great builders of antiquity; his goal in rebuilding the temple was to create one of the most magnificent buildings in his day and in the process to try to please his subjects, the Jews. The Holy of Holies was also called "Dvir" - because it was from the area between the two Cherubim that Moses heard G-d's word. Herods temple precinct was demarcated by fences and gates into concentric rings of successive holiness. For a discussion and possible solutions to these discrepancies see Ritmeyer, The Quest, 13945. Various implements from the temple, including the menorah and the shewbread table, were preserved for many years in Rome in Vespasians Temple of Peace.[31]. After the "Great Disappointment", preacher O. R. L. Crosier, Hiram Edson, and F. B. Hahn published new insights into Christ's sanctuary ministry that Jesus began to minister in the heavenly sanctuary after His ascension (Heb 9:24). [11] In Josephus and elsewhere in ancient sources, the Greek word temenos is used to describe the sacred precinct containing a temple. Some Christian churches, particularly the Catholic Church, consider the Church tabernacle, or its location (often at the rear of the sanctuary), as the symbolic equivalent of the Holy of Holies, due to the storage of consecrated hosts in that vessel. See Ritmeyer, Quest, 77400, for a complete description of the temple according to the Mishnah. Simon Bar Kokhba (son of the star) was a Jewish claimant to the title of messiah who led an unsuccessful revolt against the Romans in AD 132135. 13); the sin-offering (Lev. An account of the Temple Destruction is covered . It housed the Ark of the Covenant and the Two Tablets of the law. Solomon made a depression in order that these objects might, if necessary, be hidden therein, which was done by Josiah (comp. [24] For example, the emperor Caligula (AD 3741) demanded his statue be erected and worshipped in the temple courtyards resulting in a widespread Jewish revolt. The jar which held some Manna from the time of the desert, was testimony to the continuous protection which the Almighty provides to the Nation of Israel. [14] It measured about 144,000 meters square, or thirty-six acres. This room was a perfect cube, 15 feet in each direction. Only the poles of the Ark of the Covenant were never removed, by special commandment. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. Archaeological evidence has determined that there were eight gates to Herods temple mount from the surrounding city: one in the east, two in the south, four in the west, and one in the north. According to the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke), Jesus cleansed the temple at the end of his ministry. The dimensions of the Ark relate to the middle, wooden box - two and one half cubits long, one and one half cubits wide and one and one half cubits high. The most important holy day in ancient Israel was the Sabbath (Saturday) and this day was celebrated by changing the twelve loaves of the bread of the presence, with the priests eating the week-old bread, and by offering a double sacrifice at the temple. "feasting their eyes"). In God's cosmic temple there is no uncleanness. Led by Zerubbabel, the Jews eventually rebuilt the temple (called Zerubbabels temple) and rededicated it in ca. . In this way the Ark was covered in gold "on the inside and on the outside." (She. The Holy of Holies was constructed as a perfect cube. The interior was covered with plates of beaten gold. The Gospel of John specifically portrays Jesus as a fulfillment of some of the symbols of the temple and its festivals. Josephus wrote that the Temple was a furlong by a furlong, approx 600' x 600' square. 2a, 16a; Sheb. Following Pentecost Peter and John healed the lame man at the temple (Acts 3) and continued to teach the good news of the resurrected Jesus at the temple, leading to their arrest and imprisonment (Acts 4:13). And finally at the moment when Jesus died on the cross, the veil of the Holy of Holies in the temple was rent in two (Luke 23:45), symbolizing that through his atonement all would be able to enter into the presence of God. To approaching strangers it appeared from a distance like a snow-clad mountain; for all that was not over laid with gold was of purest white (Jewish War 5.22223). The legislation in P is based partly on actual practise, partly on theoretical insistences anticipated to a certain extent in Ezekiel, gradually realized in the Second (Zerubbabel's) Temple and fully recognized as authoritative in the Maccabean-Herodian-Mishnaic Temple. iii. David Rolph Seely, "The Temple of Herod," inNew Testament History, Culture, and Society: A Background to the Texts of the New Testament,ed. In the center of the Holy of Holies stood the foundation stone upon which the Ark rested. 1, 6; xxxi. The menorah is described as being shaped like a tree consisting of a central axis and three branches on each side, making seven branches in all. [13] When Titus captured the city during the First JewishRoman War, Roman soldiers took down the curtain and used it to wrap therein golden vessels retrieved from the Temple. Unfortunately, Apple's iOS doesn't support home screen shortcuts in the Chrome browser. Acts of loving-kindness, as it is said, For I desire loving-kindness, and not sacrifice [Hosea 6:6] (Avot de-Rabbi Natan 4.21). 49). AD 63. The Sages said that their faces were like the faces of a young boy and girl. The cherubim were an integral part of this cover, hewn from the same piece of gold. These poles reached the curtain and protruded slightly outwards from the curtain in the Kodesh. The Talmud gives detailed descriptions of Temple architecture and layout. 13); and the showbread (Lev. Then down the Mt. According to ancient historians, as well as some of the documents from Qumran, the Essenes believed that the Jerusalem priesthood that administrated the temple was corrupt and that the sacrificial system and the calendar were also corrupt. Sharon Ray A Child of the Great "I AM" I hope I can write this with out being out of line. (credit giantamericanflag.com) In 168 BC the Jews, led by members of the family known as the Maccabees, revolted, and against overwhelming odds defeated the Seleucids (1 Maccabees 1:644:35). At Passover, which celebrated the exodus from Egypt, the Passover lambs were sacrificed at the temple and then taken to the homes, where the festival was celebrated by families. With its destruction came the loss of the center of their religion, and Judaism would have to develop ways of worship to replace or compensate for the rituals and ordinancesmost notably sacrifice and the celebration of the festivalsthat could formerly be done only at the temple. [12] The descriptions in Josephus and the Mishnah occasionally show discrepancies. The veil of the temple consisted of two curtains hung about 18 inches apart. Examples of similar constructions are "servant of servants" (Gen 9:25), "Sabbath of sabbaths" (Ex 31:15), "God of gods" (Deut 10:17), "Vanity of vanities" (Eccl 1:2), "Song of songs" (Song of Songs 1:1), "king of kings" (Ezra 7:12), etc. Jesuss reference to Jeremiah was thus an ominous foreshadowing of the future destruction of the temple by the Romans if the people did not repent. (Source: Exodus 16, 11-36), At the time of Korach's controversy, Aharon's staff blossomed and budded with flowers and almonds. Herod's temple was destroyed by Nebuchadrezzar of Babylon who plundered the temple for the enshrined Ark of the Covenant. In the center of the facade (face) was the main entrance, over the top was hung a golden bunch of grapes. Then the high priest, as the climax of this ritual, was able to enter into the Holy of Holies to sprinkle the blood of the sacrifice on the floor, thus effecting the forgiveness of sin and ritual impurity and resulting in reconciliation or at-one-ment between God and humans. 1 et seq. In the center of the Holy of Holies stood the foundation stone upon which the Ark rested. According to the Hebrew scripture, the Ark contained the Ten Commandments, which were given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai. Around the birth . The Crusaders associated the Holy of Holies with the Well of Souls, which is located under the Foundation Stone of the Dome of the Rock. 33; A. V. "the holy sanctuary"), is known as the "Holy of Holies" par excellence. [4] A collection of the extrabiblical sources for the Second Temple can be found in C. T. R. Hayward, The Jewish Temple: A Non-Biblical Sourcebook (New York: Routledge, 1996). The biblical descriptions of the furnishings of the temple rarely specify the symbolic meaning of the temple or its furnishings. Inside the Ark of the Covenant, the two tablets of the commandments were stored. The Holy of Holies was quite empty. [2] The Israelite temples were unique in that they had no image of their deity. [1] According to Deuteronomy 12, after the temple was built all sacrifices were to be done only at the Jerusalem temple. Cyrus granted the Jews permission to take back to Jerusalem the temple vessels that had been captured by the Babylonians and rebuild their temple (2 Chronicles 36:22; Ezra 1). Because the Ark of the Covenant had been lost years before, Herod's temple had no furnishings in the Holy of Holies, although it is possible a stone held the place of the ark. Called the Royal Stoa, it is probably Solomons porch of the New Testament (John 10:23). We have a really good idea what was in the Holy Place (remember there were two rooms, the Holy Place and the Most Holy Place): the altar of incense, the shew bread table and the menorah. 'Second House of the Sanctum' ), later known as Herod's Temple, was the reconstructed Temple in Jerusalem between c. 516 BCE and 70 CE. To the north of the mount was the Roman Antonia Fortress, and to the west and south was the city of Jerusalem. Drive back to Bethlehem for Dinner. xxx. From the quote above, I believe that there was probably some kind of altar in the holy of holies, but I am not sure. The Temple in First-Century Judaism and Christianity, Add an RSC shortcut to this device's Homescreen, In the menu, scroll past any icons and tap. Atop the Kaporet were two images of Cherubim that symbolized the relationship between the Children of Israel and their Father in Heaven. 4, 19); the things reserved for the priests ("minah"; Lev. According to the Hebrew Bible, in order that God may dwell among the Israelites, God gave Moses instructions for erecting a sanctuary. [24] In Nasrani tradition the Holy of Holies is kept veiled for much of the time. In the Holy of Holies, next to the Ark, a number of items were placed as testimony for future generations: a jar of Manna, a jar of anointing oil, Aharon's staff that blossomed with almond flowers, and the box that the Philistines sent when they returned the Ark to Israel. The outer courtyard was called the Court of the Gentileshere all nations were invited to come and worship the Lord. The ciborium, a permanent canopy over the altar in some churches, once surrounded by curtains at points in the liturgy, symbolizes the Holy of Holies. Quotations of Philo are taken from Philo, Loeb Classical Library, translated by F. H. Colson (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 193762). Download Now [25] Seventh-Day Adventism (SDA) believes that just as the high priest completed the special ministry on Yom Kippur and blessed the Israelites. 3 mentions dimensions), the Holy of Holies was curtained off (I. Macc. Proceeding to the west, Israelite men climbed fifteen curved stairs and entered into the narrow Court of the Israelites separated from the Court of the Priests by a line in the pavement. . [23] The Feast of Tabernacles included a ceremony of drawing water from the Siloam pool and pouring it on the altar of the temple and also of lighting the four great menorahs in the Court of the Women. In order to enlarge the sacred platform, Herod expanded the area of the Temple Mount to the south and west by fill and erecting a series of arched vaults. xliii. [2] Many aspects of temple worship were common in ancient Near Eastern cultures. In the center of the Holy of Holies stood the Foundation Stone that was placed there by David and Samuel. See the accounts in Philo, Embassy to Gaius 188, 198348; Josephus, Antiquities 18.261309; Jewish War 2.184203). Early depictions on coins and in synagogues depict four columns with two on each side. The directions provide for: According to the Bible, the Holy of Holies was covered by a veil,[8] and no one was allowed to enter except the High Priest, and even he would only enter once a year on Yom Kippur,[9] to offer the blood of sacrifice and incense. The Holy Place with Menorah (left), Altar of Incense (center), and Table for the Bread of Presence (right). Philo of Alexandria (ca. The Ark was the only vessel about which the Torah specifically commands that its carrying poles are never to be removed. The Jews were eventually driven from Jerusalem and were left without a temple. In front of the temple was a remarkable gateway without doors, with lintels above, adorned with colored and embroidered curtains. It is used by Roman Catholics to refer to holy objects beyond the Holy of Holies, and is specifically often used as an alternative name for a tabernacle, due to the object being a storage chamber for consecrated host and thus where the presence of God is most represented. In the scriptures the burning of incense symbolized prayer (Psalm 141:2; Revelation 5:8; 8:4). In this vision the ultimate fulfillment of the temple was realized by the continuing presence of the Father and the Son in the heavenly city. [10] An historical review of Herods rebuilding the Second Temple can be found in Ehud Netzer, The Architecture of Herod the Great Builder (Tbingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2006), 13778; reprinted in paperback by Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2006. Feldman (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 192664). In Jewish tradition, two curtains separated the Holy of Holies from the lesser Holy place during the period of the Second Temple. [13] According to the Mishnah, Solomons temple mount was a square of 500 cubits on each side (861 feet/262.5 meters) or about seventeen acres (Middot 2.1). Holy of holies [EBD] the second or interior portion of the tabernacle. ii., Leipsic, 1878. The Kaporet was made entirely of one piece of pure gold - including the Cherubim on the top. 5). vi. 10; x. Fifty days later at the Festival of Weeks, or Pentecost (compare Acts 2), which celebrated the first harvest, individuals brought firstfruit offerings to the temple to be offered on the altar. And as part of the temptations Jesus was transported by the Spirit (JST) to a pinnacle of the temple where Satan tempted him to throw himself off so that the angels would come and save him (Luke 4:911; Matthew 4:5). A trap-door was above the Holy of Holies, and through this the workmen were lowered in boxes, to guard against profanation (lit. The dimensions of this American flag are 30' by 60', the same size as the Temple curtain. Only one object was housed there: the ark of the covenant . Bar Kokhba was heralded as the Messiah by numerous prominent Jewish rabbis, including Akiba, and thus many Jews gathered to his rebellion. Lincoln H. Blumell (Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University; Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2019), 53-70. 36, R. V.). 29; comp. Christ will come and bless his people after cleaning the Holy of Holies in heaven (Heb 9:23).[27]. The room known as the Holy of Holies was the innermost and most sacred area of the ancient tabernacle of Moses and temple of Jerusalem. The inner measurement of the Holy of Holies was twenty cubits squared. Best Price Guaranteed Simple licensing. He had himself hidden in a coffin in order to leave the city. Look again inside the Temple (the first picture above), and you'll again see the massive curtain that blocked this Most Holy Place, forbidding access to it. The burnt offering was the sacrifice of an animal that was completely burned on the altarthe smoke symbolized the offering ascending into heaven. When Solomon dedicated his temple he declared, I have surely built thee an house to dwell in (1 Kings 8:13). The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, The Solomonic Debir according to the Hebrew Text of I Kings 6 J. Ouellette -, The Damaged "blueprints" of the Temple of Solomon. Though the ark has disappeared, this ritual was continued in the temples of Zerubbabel and Herod. Just inside this gate, chests were placed for the collection of monetary offerings where the widow offered her mite (Luke 21:14). The ark was absent not only after Herod. The location of the Temple, however, had become uncertain already less than 150 years after the Second Temple's destruction, as detailed in the Talmud. More than six hundred years earlier, Jeremiah had come to the temple and had warned Israel that their unrepentant hypocrisy and sin would bring the destruction of the temple by the Babylonians. The Temple area was divided into various areas for study, sacrifices, libation etc. Systems of Transliteration Citation of Proper Names. Still, this was the holiest place from of old, and it was treated as such. In His clean and holy temple, God put His image and likeness (Gen 1:26-28). [1] . Hor. The analysis of the various passages shows that "odesh," originally designating "property of or reserved for Yhwh," only gradually came to admit of different degrees. The Samaritans claimed to be remnants of the northern ten tribes. Forty days after the birth of Jesus, Mary and Joseph took him to the temple to offer the burnt and sin offerings as prescribed by the law of Moses (Leviticus 12:68), and there they met Anna and Simeon, who both proclaimed Jesuss messiahship (Luke 2:2838). The Porch Grant Building In addition to the burnt offering, the sin offering and trespass offering were connected with the offering of blood for atonement from sin and ritual impurity (Leviticus 17:11). Herods temple represented the house of the Lord and was the center of Israelite worship as legislated in the Old Testament and enhanced by centuries of Jewish tradition. 14). The temple is a central feature in the Gospel narratives of the life and ministry of Jesus. Surrounding the Kaporet (the cover of the Ark) was a golden wreath representing the Crown of the Torah. The temple had a function for each of these festivals. Gentiles were forbidden from entering this inner court. During the Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah) John records that Jesus taught in the porch of Solomon (John 10:22). viii. i. Jesus may have been comparing himself to these symbols of water and light when in the context of this festival (John 7:2) he taught: He that believeth on me, as the scripture hath said, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water (John 7:38), and also I am the light of the world (John 8:12). The image of God serves the same purpose in the cosmic temple that the forbidden It is unveiled only during the central part of the main Nasrani ritual. Finally, in the centre of the Temple was the holy of holies, the innermost chamber of the Temple where the ark of the Law was kept The Maccabees (a Hebrew nickname meaning hammer), also known as the Hasmoneans (family name), established an independent Jewish nation led by a Hasmonean king that enjoyed its independence until 63 BC when the Romans captured Jerusalem. Herod's Temple, Jesus honored, and whose destruction he prophesied! The most important holy day in ancient Israel was the Sabbath (Saturday) and this day was celebrated by changing the twelve loaves of the bread of the presence, with the priests eating the week-old bread, and by offering a double sacrifice at the temple. xvi. lxi. The Kaporet was a rectangular tablet of gold, one and one half cubits by two and one half cubits, which was placed on top of the Ark. In the Holy of Holies was the Ark of the Covenant, containing the stone tablets given to Moses on which were written the Ten Commandments. Poles designed for carrying the Ark were affixed to its two sides. was rebuilt later by Herod the Great 5:33 now Herod's temple was more magnificent 5:36 than Solomon's Temple the Talmud says he 5:39 did not see the temple of Herod never 5:42 The outer curtain was looped up on the south side, and the inner one on the north side provided a corridor for the high priest to walk through on the day that he entered the Holy of Holies so that no one else could see into the Holy of Holies. Acts describes the early saints as continuing daily with one accord in the temple (Acts 2:46). Ezekiel (ib. xxix. A pivotal event occurred fifty days after the death of Jesus during the pilgrimage feast of Pentecost, in which many Jews had come to Jerusalem to offer up to God their firstfruit harvests at the temple. On the stairs leading up to the doors of the temple the priests would daily gather to recite the priestly benediction on the people (Numbers 6:2327). This goat, known as the scapegoat, would be sent into the wilderness. It was commissioned by Hans Kroch, owner of the Holyland Hotel, in memory of his son Jacob, who was killed in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. The meal offering was offered for thanksgiving. 586 BC the Lord allowed Nebuchadnezzar and the Babylonians to capture Jerusalem and destroy the temple and take many of the people into exile. [5] Quotations of Josephuss works throughout are taken from Josephus, Loeb Classical Library edition, trans. This would have been 45 feet tall. The Septuagint calls it "debir" or "dabir" in Greek, which means "the back part of the sanctuary." And the Latin Vulgate calls it "oraculum," meaning "the innermost part of the sanctuary. This period would end in 198 BC when the Seleucids, based in Syria, defeated the Ptolemies and took control of Yehud/Judea. Separating the Holy Place from the Holy of Holies was another veil. The tabernacle was divided into two rooms, the holy place and the most holy place (or holy of holies). EN RU CN DE ES. When the temple was destroyed, the Sadducees lost the foundation of their livelihood and their base of power among the people. [25] As quoted in Jonathan Klawans, Purity, Sacrifice, and the Temple: Symbolism and Supersessionism in the Study of Ancient Judaism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), 205. Jesus explained his act by quoting Jeremiah 7:11: My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves (Matthew 20:13). [11] The Ark was covered with a lid made of pure gold, known as the "mercy seat",(Exodus 37:6) which was covered by the beaten gold cherubim wings, creating the space for the Divine Presence (Exodus 25:22). The Holy of Holies was the innermost chamber in the wilderness tabernacle, a room so sacred only one person could enter it, and then only one day out of the entire year. Paul insists that he never offended against the temple, implying he accepted its sanctity (Acts 25:8). In the middle, there is always an altar where the church's Tabot is kept. To avoid religious conflict, Jewish visitors caught praying or bringing ritual objects are usually expelled from the area by police. It housed the Ark of the Covenant and the Two Tablets of the law. In what was known as Herod's temple, there were two veils in front of the Holy of Holies. In Solomon's Temple the Holy of Holies formed a part of the house of Yhwh (I Kings vi. 515 BC (Ezra 56); that temple would stand until ca. This symbolized a sacred meal shared by the offerer, the Lord, and the priest. The people returning from exile sought to restore temple worship by erecting a replica of Solomons temple on the Temple Mount. But he spake of the temple of his body (John 2:1922). In this way, the wing tip of one Cherub touched the northern wall of the Holy of Holies and the tip of the second wing touched the wing tip of the other Cherub. Thus, when the high priest officiated at the temple he did so bearing the tribes of Israel symbolically before the Lord. On this day, the High Priest would enter the Holy of Holies four times. New Studies in Biblical Theology (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2004). 25:10-16 ). 4). 51). According to Midrash, the Foundation Stone was formed from the transformation of the twelve stones that Yaakov gathered together to use as a pillow when, fleeing from Esau, he lay down to sleep in Beit El. Above both the inner and the outer rooms was an upper chamber, constructed to enable builders to make the necessary repairs. The Greek phrase refers to the Tabernacle or Temple. Upon taking back the Temple Mount, Judas and his men set about cleansing the temple in preparation for restoring the sacrifices. Scholars have noted that this was one of the largest sacred precincts in the ancient world. [4] Most Orthodox Jews today completely avoid climbing up to Temple Mount, to prevent them from accidentally stepping on any holy areas. (Sources: Yoma 54, Baba Batra 99). The exact location of the Holy of Holies is a subject of dispute. When the Temple was rebuilt after the Babylonian captivity, the Ark was no longer present in the Holy of Holies; instead, a portion of the floor was raised slightly to indicate the place where it had stood. However, a different opinion states that the broken tablets were kept in a separate Ark, that the Torah Scroll had its own special place on a shelf alongside the Ark. There was no light inside the chamber other than the glow . 165 BC the Maccabees rededicated the temple, an event commemorated by the Feast of Dedication or Hanukkah (1 Maccabees 4:3659; John 10:22). David Rolph Seely is professor of ancient scripture at Brigham Young University (Provo). The Kaporet was the covering for the Ark. In ca. A golden box containing the tablets with the Ten Commandments, the ark stood in the Holy of Holies, the Temple 's innermost sanctum. (Our Sages have explained that the word Aron (the Ark) is related to the word Or, meaning light, for the Torah which is stored in the Ark is the source of light for the world. A ramp led to the top of the altar that had horns at the four corners. Hebrews 89 portrays Jesus as the high priest and explains his act of reconciliation between God and humans in terms of the ritual of the Day of Atonement when the high priest would take the blood of the sacrifice into the Holy of Holies and sprinkle it on the mercy seat, thereby reconciling God and his children (Leviticus 16). . xiv. In Hebrew the temple is referred to as the beth Yahweh house of the Lord, har habayit mountain of the house [of the Lord], or hekhal palace, indicating that the primary function and symbolism of the ancient Israelite temple was to represent where God dwelt in the midst of his people. In the New Testament Zecharias was officiating at the incense altar, with a prayer in his heart, when Gabriel appeared to him to announce the birth of John the Baptist (Luke 1:523). The Talmud relates that Bezalel and Moses discussed the question of whether to build the Mishkan (the Tabernacle) first, or the Ark first, indicating the great importance of the Ark.
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